Industrial

Components of energy use

Diverse industrial processes (e.g., cement kilns)

Heating and cooling of buildings

Artificial lighting

Costs

Costs reflected in the market price

The price of the fuel

Costs arguably not reflected in the market price (and the size of such costs)

See production background material

Barriers to efficient use of energy in the industrial sector

Willingness to invest

Information and transaction costs

Financial barriers

Lack of skilled personnel

Current policies to overcome barriers

Voluntary programs

DOE and EPA industrial sector programs

State industrial energy efficiency programs

Efficient motors

Industrial assessment centers

Potential actions to overcome existing barriers and future barriers

Energy efficiency standards (motors standards and certifications)

Financial incentives (extend investment tax credit for combined heat and power systems, tax rebates for specific industrial technologies, etc.)

Standard performance contracting

Expanded research, development and demonstration programs

Product labeling and procurement